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How We Misunderstood Ardaas?

The Sikh Ardaas

The term Ardās (Gurmukhi: ਅਰਦਾਸ) is derived from two words 'Arz' meaning a appeal, supplication, or petition to the Almighty God with a hope - "Aas". The Sikh prayer is carried out before undertaking any significant task; after reciting the daily Banis (scriptures), Kirtan (hymn-singing) or any other community, family or personal events such as birth, naming ceremony, wedding, anniversaries, or on a funeral.

The Structure

The Sikh Ardaas is divided into five sections:

  1. First section: devoted to the Almighty Creator and the ten gurus.
  2. Second section: remembers the  sacrifices of the early Sikhs. 
  3. Third section: collective prayer - first from the Khalsa, then from all Sikhs.
  4. Fourth section: allows the praying Sikh to appeal for specific desires and and for forgiveness and further guidance. 
  5. Fifth Section: The Ardaas ends with the ultimate appeal for the 'well being of all'.

Section 1: Praise the Glory of Almighty God

Sikh Nishaan Sahib with Khanda as Power of Almighty

The first section was authored by Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth Guru as documented in Dasham Granth. The last two lines of this section was added later by the Sikhs.

But have we misunderstood the true meaning of this part of our Ardaas all along?

The common belief is that this section remembers all the ten gurus and their legacies to the Sikh religion. But reading the exact words by word and translating it, points to a different interpretation. In my humble opinion, this original part of our Ardaas is primarily focused on the Glory of the Almighty God and describes how each of the Gurus invoked the Supreme Creator.

My Interpretation

ੴ ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ ਜੀ ਕੀ ਫ਼ਤਹਿ॥
God is One; Victory belongs to W.A.H.E.G.U.R.U, the Wondrous God (With the Grace of the Guru).

ਸ੍ਰੀ ਭਗੌਤੀ ਜੀ ਸਹਾਇ॥
May the Supreme Power of Almighty, the destroyer of all evil doers, protect and guide us.

ਵਾਰ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਭਗੌਤੀ ਜੀ ਕੀ ਪਾਤਸ਼ਾਹੀ ੧੦॥
Ode to the primal power of Almighty Creator, as recited by the Tenth Guru.

ਪ੍ਰਿਥਮ ਭਗੌਤੀ ਸਿਮਰਿ ਕੈ ਗੁਰ ਨਾਨਕ ਲਈਂ ਧਿਆਇ॥
First remembering the primal power of Almighty God (in the form of destroyer of evil doers); Guru Nanak initiated his meditation.

ਫਿਰ ਅੰਗਦ ਗੁਰ ਤੇ ਅਮਰਦਾਸੁ ਰਾਮਦਾਸੈ ਹੋਈਂ ਸਹਾਇ॥
Then Almighty guided Guru Angad, Guru Amar Das and then Guru Ram Das.

ਅਰਜਨ ਹਰਗੋਬਿੰਦ ਨੋ ਸਿਮਰੌ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਹਰਿਰਾਇ॥
Guru Arjan, Guru Hargobind and then Respected Guru Har Rai meditated upon Almighty.

ਸ੍ਰੀ ਹਰਿਕ੍ਰਿਸ਼ਨ ਧਿਆਇਐ ਜਿਸ ਡਿਠੈ ਸਭਿ ਦੁਖ ਜਾਇ॥
Guru Harkrishan meditated upon the Almighty, whose remembrance vanquished all sufferings.

ਤੇਗ ਬਹਾਦਰ ਸਿਮਰਿਐ ਘਰ ਨਉ ਨਿਧਿ ਆਵੈ ਧਾਇ॥
Guru Tegh Bahadur meditated upon Almighty and all wealth was bestowed upon.

ਸਭ ਥਾਂਈ ਹੋਇ ਸਹਾਇ॥
Almighty God provided guidance and protection at all places.

(This is the end of the section written by Guru Gobind Singh Ji, the rest was compiled after the Guru’s time.)

ਦਸਵਾਂ ਪਾਤਸ਼ਾਹ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗੋਬਿੰਦ ਸਿੰਘ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ ਸਭ ਥਾਂਈ ਹੋਇ ਸਹਾਇ॥
Almighty God provided guidance and protection to the Tenth Guru, Guru Gobind Singh at all places.

ਦਸਾਂ ਪਾਤਸ਼ਾਹੀਆਂ ਦੀ ਜੋਤ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ ਦੇ ਪਾਠ ਦੀਦਾਰ ਦਾ ਧਿਆਨ ਧਰ ਕੇ ਬੋਲੋ ਜੀ ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ॥
Turn your thoughts and meditate upon the teachings and the sacred sight of the divine light of the Ten Sovereign Kings enshrined in the respected Guru Granth Sahib; and say W.A.H.E.G.U.R.U (O' Wondrous God)!

Ten Sikh Gurus and Sri Guru Granth Sahib

Section 2: Remembrance of the spirituality, bravery, and sacrifices of the early Sikhs
Guru Gobind Singh initiating Khalsa

ਪੰਜਾਂ ਪਿਆਰਿਆਂ, ਚੌਹਾਂ ਸਾਹਿਬਜ਼ਾਦਿਆਂ, ਚਾਲ੍ਹੀਆਂ ਮੁਕਤਿWaheguru ਆਂ, ਹਠੀਆਂ ਜਪੀਆਂ, ਤਪੀਆਂ, ਜਿਹਨਾਂ ਨਾਮ ਜਪਿਆ, ਵੰਡ ਛਕਿਆ, ਦੇਗ ਚਲਾਈ, ਤੇਗ ਵਾਹੀ, ਦੇਖ ਕੇ ਅਣਡਿੱਠ ਕੀਤਾ, ਤਿਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਪਿਆਰਿਆਂ, ਸਚਿਆਰਿਆਂ ਦੀ ਕਮਾਈ ਦਾ ਧਿਆਨ ਧਰ ਕੇ, ਖਾਲਸਾ ਜੀ । ਬੋਲੋ ਜੀ ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ॥
Think of the accomplishments of the Five Beloved Ones, of the Four sons of Guru Gobind Singh; of the Forty Martyrs; of the brave Sikhs of indomitable determination; of the devotees steeped in devotion to the Almighty; of those who recalled thy Name, shared their food with others; of those who started free kitchens; of those who wielded their sword of protection for preserving the Truth); of those who overlooked shortcomings of others; Remember the accomplished of all these pure and truly devoted ones; Say W.A.H.E.G.U.R.U (O' Wondrous God)!

ਜਿਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਸਿੰਘਾਂ ਸਿੰਘਣੀਆਂ ਨੇ ਧਰਮ ਹੇਤ ਸੀਸ ਦਿੱਤੇ, ਬੰਦ ਬੰਦ ਕਟਾਏ, ਖੋਪਰੀਆਂ ਲੁਹਾਈਆਂ, ਚਰਖੀਆਂ ਤੇ ਚੜੇ, ਆਰਿਆਂ ਨਾਲ ਚਿਰਾਏ ਗਏ, ਗੁਰਦਵਾਰਿਆਂ ਦੀ ਸੇਵਾ ਲਈ ਕੁਰਬਾਨੀਆਂ ਕੀਤੀਆਂ, ਧਰਮ ਨਹੀਂ ਹਾਰਿਆ, ਸਿੱਖੀ ਕੇਸਾਂ ਸੁਆਸਾਂ ਨਾਲ ਨਿਬਾਹੀ, ਤਿਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਦੀ ਕਮਾਈ ਦਾ ਧਿਆਨ ਧਰ ਕੇ ਖਾਲਸਾ ਜੀ । ਬੋਲੋ ਜੀ ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ॥
Think of and remember the sacrifices of those brave Sikh men and women, who sacrificed their heads but did not surrender their belief; Who were cut in to pieces by the joints of the body; Whose heads were scalped but did not cut their hair; Who were crushed by execution wheels; Who were cut into halves by saws; Who did not abandon their Sikh faith; Who sacrificed themselves to upkeep the dignity of the Gurdwaras; Who preserved their Sikh beliefs with their uncut hair till their last breath; Say W.A.H.E.G.U.R.U (O' Wondrous God)!

ਪੰਜਾਂ ਤਖਤਾਂ, ਸਰਬੱਤ ਗੁਰਦੁਆਰਿਆਂ ਦਾ ਧਿਆਨ ਧਰ ਕੇ ਬੋਲੋ ਜੀ ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ॥
Turn your thoughts to all fives seats of Sikh Religion and all the Gurdwaras; Say W.A.H.E.G.U.R.U (O' Wondrous God)!

Section 3: Prayers of All Khalsa, then All Sikh Diaspora
Prayer of the Khalsa

ਪ੍ਰਿਥਮੇ ਸਰਬੱਤ ਖਾਲਸਾ ਜੀ ਕੀ ਅਰਦਾਸ ਹੈ ਜੀ, ਸਰਬੱਤ ਖਾਲਸਾ ਜੀ ਕੋ ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ, ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ, ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ ਚਿਤ ਆਵੇ, ਚਿੱਤ ਆਵਨ ਕਾ ਸਦਕਾ ਸਰਬ ਸੁਖ ਹੋਵੇ॥
First, the entire Khalsa makes this appeal that may they stay immersed in the meditation of Your Name - W.A.H.E.G.U.R.U (O' Wonderous God); and may their meditation bring all joys and comforts to All.

ਜਹਾਂ ਜਹਾਂ ਖਾਲਸਾ ਜੀ ਸਾਹਿਬ, ਤਹਾਂ ਤਹਾਂ ਰਛਿਆ ਰਿਆਇਤ, ਦੇਗ ਤੇਗ ਫ਼ਤਹ, ਬਿਰਦ ਕੀ ਪੈਜ, ਪੰਥ ਕੀ ਜੀਤ, ਸ੍ਰੀ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ ਸਹਾਇ, ਖਾਲਸੇ ਜੀ ਕੇ ਬੋਲ ਬਾਲੇ, ਬੋਲੋ ਜੀ ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ॥
Wherever respected Khalsa is present, bless your protection and grace; May the free kitchen and sword be always victorious; Conserve the honor of all devotees; Confer victory to the Sikh Nation; May the revered sword always provide the assistance; May the Khalsa always get the honors; Say W.A.H.E.G.U.R.U (O Wondrous God)!

ਸਿੱਖਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਸਿੱਖੀ ਦਾਨ, ਕੇਸ ਦਾਨ, ਰਹਿਤ ਦਾਨ, ਬਿਬੇਕ ਦਾਨ, ਵਿਸਾਹ ਦਾਨ, ਭਰੋਸਾ ਦਾਨ, ਦਾਨਾਂ ਸਿਰ ਦਾਨ, ਨਾਮ ਦਾਨ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਅੰਮ੍ਰਿਤਸਰ ਜੀ ਦੇ ਇਸ਼ਨਾਨ, ਚੌਕੀਆਂ, ਝੰਡੇ, ਬੁੰਗੇ, ਜੁਗੋ ਜੁਗ ਅਟੱਲ, ਧਰਮ ਕਾ ਜੈਕਾਰ, ਬੋਲੋ ਜੀ ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ॥
Kindly confer upon the Sikhs; the gifts of Sikhism, the gift of uncut hair, the gift of observing Sikh code of conduct, the gift of divine knowledge, the gift of firm faith, the gift of belief and the biggest gift of all - Thy Name. O Almighty! May the banners, choirs, and the forts of Khalsa exist forever; may the truth always triumph; Say W.A.H.E.G.U.R.U (O' Wondrous God)!

ਸਿੱਖਾਂ ਦਾ ਮਨ ਨੀਵਾਂ, ਮਤ ਉੱਚੀ ਮਤ ਦਾ ਰਾਖਾ ਆਪਿ ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ॥
May the minds of all the Sikhs remain humble and their wisdom exalted; O Waheguru! Your are the protector of all wisdom.

ਹੇ ਅਕਾਲ ਪੁਰਖ ਆਪਣੇ ਪੰਥ ਦੇ ਸਦਾ ਸਹਾਈ ਦਾਤਾਰ ਜੀਓ॥ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਨਨਕਾਣਾ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਤੇ ਹੋਰ ਗੁਰਦੁਆਰਿਆਂ ਗੁਰਧਾਮਾਂ ਦੇ, ਜਿਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਤੋਂ ਪੰਥ ਨੂੰ ਵਿਛੋੜਿਆ ਗਿਆ ਹੈ, ਖੁਲ੍ਹੇ ਦਰਸ਼ਨ ਦੀਦਾਰ ਤੇ ਸੇਵਾ ਸੰਭਾਲ ਦਾ ਦਾਨ ਖ਼ਾਲਸਾ ਜੀ ਨੂੰ ਬਖਸ਼ੋ॥
O Immortal Being, eternal helper of the Panth, the Benevolent Almighty; bestow upon the Khalsa, the beneficence of unobstructed visits to and free management of Sri Nankana Sahib and other Gurdwaras, and the places of the Gurus from which the Panth has been dispossessed.

Prayer of All Sikhs

 Section 5: Specific Appeal

ਹੇ ਨਿਮਾਣਿਆਂ ਦੇ ਮਾਣ, ਨਿਤਾਣਿਆਂ ਦੇ ਤਾਣ, ਨਿਓਟਿਆਂ ਦੀ ਓਟ, ਸੱਚੇ ਪਿਤਾ, ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ! ਆਪ ਦੇ ਹਜ਼ੂਰ…..ਦੀ ਅਰਦਾਸ ਹੈ ਜੀ॥
O True Father, Waheguru! you are the Honor of the meek, the Power of the helpless, the Shelter of the unprotected, We humbly make prayer in your presence…..(substitute the occasion or prayer made here).

ਅੱਖਰ ਵਾਧਾ ਘਾਟਾ ਭੁੱਲ ਚੁੱਕ ਮਾਫ ਕਰਨੀ॥ ਸਰਬੱਤ ਦੇ ਕਾਰਜ ਰਾਸ ਕਰਨੇ॥
Kindly pardon our shortcomings and mistakes in reciting the prayer. Kindly fulfill the aspirations of all.

Section 5: Welfare of All

ਸੇਈ ਪਿਆਰੇ ਮੇਲ, ਜਿਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਮਿਲਿਆਂ ਤੇਰਾ ਨਾਮ ਚਿਤ ਆਵੇ॥ ਨਾਨਕ ਨਾਮ ਚੜ੍ਹਦੀ ਕਲਾ, ਤੇਰੇ ਭਾਣੇ ਸਰਬੱਤ ਦਾ ਭਲਾ॥
Bless us to meet those true devotees; by meeting whom, we may remember and meditate upon Thy Name. Nanak states that reciting Thy Name blesses us with the exalted optimism, and through your blessing, may bring the joy and prosperity to ALL.

ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ ਜੀ ਕਾ ਖਾਲਸਾ॥ ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ ਜੀ ਕੀ ਫਤਿਹ॥
The Pure belongs to the Wonderful God, and the victory belongs to the Wonderful God.

Comments

  1. Explained each and every word precisely with photos and explanation.Deeply touched heart and brain.Lots of blessings.Datta Mehar kare.SSA.

    ReplyDelete
  2. May I respectfully request you to please review the scholarly researched article entitled "The Truth of Our Panthik Ardas" by Dr. Karminder Singh Dhillon at 'Sikhi Vichar ' Forum on August 24, 2023 available at: (https://sikhivicharforum.org/2023/08/24/the-truth-of-our-panthik-ardas/). Thank you.

    ReplyDelete

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