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Guru Tegh Bahadur and Religious Tolerence

 Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur made a poetic statement in response to the terror tactics of Aurangzeb , the religiously fanatic Mughal emperor of Delhi and the verse is preserved on the page 1427 of Sri Guru Granth Sahib : "He who doesnot instill fear in anyone, and does not allow anyone to terrorize him, is the Enlightened Soul." These words of wisdom by the 9th Nanak , must have echoed through the streets of old Delhi during the dark evening of 11th November, 1675 when Guru was beheaded by the order of the emperor. His severed head and the torso was left on the execution platform for the people of India to witness and fear.   The Gauntlet The Guru reresented the case of Kashmiri Pundits who were forcibly converted to Islam en masse. He laid down the gauntlet in front of the mighty Mughal empire. If they can convice the Guru to accept the  Islamic Da’Wa or the declaration of the supremacy of Islam, the entire population of Kashmiri Pundit will convert. When proselytic a...

Rajput Consorts of Mughal Emperors

Rajput Princess for the Mughal Emperrs The Delhi Sultanate was relatively new in Delhi. Rajputs, the rulers of North India from Punjab to Rajasthan and Delhi had lost most of North and North-West India to the Turkish invaders from Afghanistan. They fought valiantly till the end and their women took their own life to protect their honor. As time passed, Rajputs were becoming increasingly disadvantaged and politically irrelevant. The Moghul Babur from Uzbekistan defeated the Turko-Afghan Sultanate in Delhi and annihilated the last of the Rajput confederacy led by Rana Sanga of Chittor. Rajputs found an innovative way of reclaiming their political power. Rajput rulers became allies of the Mughals, but at a price. They sent their daughters to the imperial harem for political favors. The practice lasted 150 long years, from 1562 to 1715. The first Rajut princess given to Mughals was Jodha Bai of Amber (Now Jaipur) and the last one was Indira Kanwar of Marwar (Now Jodhpur). Prized ...

Death of Aurangzeb and Epistle of Victory - Zafarnama

Abu'l Muzaffar Muhi-ud-Din Muhammad commonly known as Aurangzeb or by his regent title Alamgir (Ruler of the universe), was the sixth Mughal Emperor of India. His reign lasted for 49 years from 1658 until his death in 1707. Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb The Emperor’s Lament … in his last hours During his last days Aurangzeb came to realize that the days of the Mughal dynasty were numbered and that he himself was responsible for sowing the seeds of destruction. “ Azma fasad baq! ” were his words, which means, “ After me, the chaos ! ” The last words of Aurangzeb, addressed to his sons from death-bed, echo mournfully… “I came a stranger to this world and a stranger I depart. I know nothing of myself – what I am and what I was destined for ... My back is bent with weakness and my feet have lost the power of motion.  The fever is gone, but only the skin is left.  The breath which rose is gone and has not left behind even a ray of hope. The agonies of death come upon me fast. ...